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Pushing the Limits of Home Electronics  

Setting Up a Home Server Over DSL/Cable Modem

1. Overview

Have you ever wanted to play around with running your own web server or just wanted to connect to your home machine from work or school. It's not as difficult as it may sound. The method described here works best with an "always on" connection such as DSL or cable modem, but can still work with a typical dial-up connection.

The problem with setting up your home machine as a server is that your internet address changes regularly with most broadband connections, and changes every time when you dial-up. You'll see how to get around this below.

2. Getting Your Own Personal Domain

NOTE: If you just want to get your computer serving on the internet, but don't want to spend the money to buy your own domain name, you can skip this section.

2.1. Purchasing the Domain Name

This can actually be one of the harder parts simply because it can be hard to find a good domain name that isn't already taken. Domain names can only contain letters, numbers, dashes (-) or underscores (_). You can see if the domain name that you want is taken by going to http://www.namesdirect.com and doing a domain name search. Once you find an available domain name, just add it to your shopping cart and purchase it. If you are asked for hostnames for nameservers, you should enter ns1.mydyndns.org, ns2.mydyndns.org, and ns3.mydyndns.org.

NOTE: There are lots of other places where you can purchase a domain name, but I like NamesDirect because they have a web interface to manage your domain names.

3. Connecting Your Domain Name to Your Home Computer

This is the real meat of this project. There is a great service at http://www.dyndns.org that does this for you. If you purchased a domain name, you'll have to make a one time donation of at least $30 in order to use their service. This is a very good deal. This service is called Custom DNS under the MyDynDNS section. If you haven't purchased a domain name, you should look at the Dynamic DNS section.

They have pretty good documentation on their site on how to set up each type of service. The Dynamic DNS section is very easy. All you have to do is pick one of their domain names to live under and enter your current IP address through their web interface or use one of their client programs to do it for you. The Custom DNS method is a little more complex.

For Custom DNS, you have to tell NamesDirect that DynDNS will be handling your domain name. You can do this right on the NamesDirect home page (if you followed the steps in the previous section). Go to the "manage your domain" section then to the "manage your DNS" section. You'll have to set your nameservers to ns1.mydyndns.org, ns2.mydyndns.org, and ns3.mydyndns.org. Make sure that you do not put any other names than these.

Now that DynDNS is handling your domain name, you should go into the DynDNS Members NIC and set the IP address to the current IP address of your computer. You can also use one of the client programs distributed on the DynDNS web site to do this. There is an advanced configuration section and a basic configuration section. You can switch between the two whenever you want, but you'll probably want to start with the basic section unless you really know what you are doing.

3.1. Setting Up Sub-Domains

If you own your own domain name and use the Custom DNS service, you can set up CNAMEs. CNAMEs are basically just aliases from one hostname to another. This is useful when you are setting up virtual hosts in web and mail servers.

Setting up a CNAME is very simple. Just login and go to the Custom DNS page, click on "Add New CNAME", then give the name of the sub-domain and the domain that it should point to. For example, if you owned the domain cooldomain.com and wanted to add a sub-domain of support.cooldomain.com, you would give support for the "host" field and cooldomain.com as the "data" field. Now both cooldomain.com and support.cooldomain.com will point to your home machine.

4. Conclusion

With very little time and expense, you can have a very professional domain setup. Combine this setup with virtual domains in the Apache web server and various other internet server software and you'll really impress your friends.

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